Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced Mechanical Allodynia

Behavioral Analysis
Memory Behavioral TestsMotor Function Behavioral TestsEmotional Behavioral TestsSocial Behavioral TestsBehavioral Tests of Pain
In Vivo Drug Efficacy Evaluation
Delivering Therapeutics Across the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)
Parkinson’s Disease Rat Model

Neuroinflammatory pain is a type of chronic pain caused by inflammation in the nervous system. It is typically modeled in animals using pro-inflammatory stimuli such as tissue incision, formalin, or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). CFA is a commonly used inflammatory agent that induces strong and sustained immune responses, and it is used to model persistent inflammatory pain in mice.


1. Experimental Design


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2. Behavioral Test: Von Frey & Hot Plate


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n=10 mice/group, all data represent as MEAN ± SEM, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001, Two-way ANOVA


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n=10 mice/group, all data represent as MEAN ± SEM, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001, Two-way ANOVA


Mice exhibit a significant decrease in the thresholds for Von Frey mechanical pain and thermal pain stimuli after CFA injection.


3. Molecular: QPCR (Hind paw skin)


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n=4-5 mice/group, all data represent as MEAN ± SEM, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001, Two-way ANOVA, T-test


The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the paw skin of mice is significantly upregulated after CFA injection.

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