The interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 promotes tumor immune evasion, but immune checkpoint inhibitors can reinvigorate the immune system. However, most patients don't respond well to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, leading to acquired resistance. Establishing reliable preclinical resistance models is vital for understanding resistance mechanisms and developing new treatments.

Antibodies and related therapies have shown promise in treating human diseases, but challenges like immunogenicity and limited preclinical models hinder drug development. GemPharmatech's NeoMab™ mouse model addresses these issues by producing fully human antibodies, offering robust immune responses and high-affinity antibodies against various antigens. Utilizing human genes, NeoMab™ accelerates the discovery of human antibody drugs, potentially surpassing FDA-approved treatments.

HER2 overexpression is common in gastric and gastroesophageal cancer, emphasizing the need to target HER2 in treatment. Gempharmatech offers PDX gastric cancer models with varying HER2 levels, identified through immunohistochemistry. These models, exemplified by one with heterogeneous HER2 expression, provide detailed insights into drug responses, particularly highlighting the efficacy of Trastuzumab deruxtecan, contributing to precision medicine in HER2-targeted therapy development.

The NCG-M/hIL15 model represents a significant advancement in preclinical research by addressing limitations in existing murine models related to human immune responses, particularly in natural killer (NK) cell and myeloid lineage cell reconstitution post-HSC transplantation. This model demonstrates improved reconstitution of NK cells, T cells, and myeloid lineage cells compared to conventional models, enhancing the simulation of human immune responses and offering potential benefits for studying immunology and developing novel therapies.

The NCG-hIL2 mouse model, engineered to express human Interleukin-2 (IL2), facilitates the reconstitution of human NK cells, aiding in the assessment of therapeutic antibodies' efficacy, notably in ADCC. This model enhances our understanding of NK cell development and serves as a valuable tool for studying immunotherapies, particularly in cancer treatment.

Recent interest in Interleukin-12 (IL-12) as a therapeutic target led to the development of the BALB/c-hIL12RB1/hIL12RB2 humanized mouse model, preserving intracellular signaling and effectively expressing human IL12RB1 and IL12RB2. This model demonstrates enhanced activation of cytotoxic lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and interferon production, validating IL-12 as a potential anti-tumor drug target. Successful validation of the model suggests its utility in understanding IL-12's therapeutic mechanisms and developing novel anti-tumor treatments.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have shown significant efficacy in HER2-positive breast cancer, but the emergence of resistance underscores the need to understand resistance mechanisms. Preclinical models, like the Enhertu-resistant tumor model developed from continuous Enhertu treatment in JIMT-1 tumor tissues in mice, offer insights into resistance mechanisms involving various cellular components within the tumor microenvironment. These models serve as valuable tools for predicting and understanding ADC resistance, aiding in the development of strategies to overcome resistance in clinical settings.